NEUROPROTECTIVE PROPERTIES OF α-LIPOIC ACID IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES

Authors

  • Sokolova L. K. State Institution "Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism. VP Commissar of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine ", Kyiv, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0011-0106
  • Pushkarev V. M. SI “V. P. Komissarenko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine”, 04114 Kiev, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0347-7771
  • Tronko М. D. SI “V. P. Komissarenko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine”, 04114 Kiev, Ukraine. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7421-0981

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21856/j-PEP.2021.4.19

Keywords:

Key words: diabetes mellitus, nervous system, cognitive dysfunction, α-lipoic acid.

Abstract

The review provides evidence of the relationship between diabetes and impaired cognitive abilities in humans. In diabetes mellitus (DM), serious structural and functional changes are observed in the nervous system and its blood vessels. Diabetes mellitus accelerates the development of Alzheimer's disease by stimulating the formation of senile plaques and neurofibrillary  tangles. The key factors in this complication of diabetes are hyper- and hypoglycemia, as well as impaired insulin/IGF signaling. α-lipoic acid (α-LA) is a strong natural antioxidant that affects a number of cellular processes, including direct radical removal, metal chelation, regeneration of endogenous antioxidants such as vitamins C and E, modulation of the activity of transcription factors associated with the expression of cellular antioxidants. α-LA also acts as a cofactor for bioenergetic mitochondrial enzymes. It has been shown to improve endothelial function and blood flow, restore damaged cells in the central nervous system, and accelerate the synthesis of glutathione, which plays a decisive role in regulating the expression of several antioxidant and anti-inflammatory genes, and has hypoglycemic properties.

Thus, modern data provide reliable evidence that α-LA is characterized by powerful neuroprotective effects and is able to improve cognitive parameters, eliminating disorders associated with various neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's diseases, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injuries, etc.) , the influence of neurotoxins, metals, as well as normal aging. α-LA improves memory, in a variety of learning and memory paradigms, including aversive, spatial and cognitive memory.

The biochemical mechanisms of α-LA action are based on its positive effects on the insulin receptor, PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and Nrf2 level, as well as inhibition of the key pro-inflammatory factor NF-κB, expression and secretion of inflammatory cytokines and mediators such as PGE2, COX- 2, iNOS, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6.

 

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Published

2021-12-03

How to Cite

Соколова, Л. ., Пушкарьов , В. ., & Тронько, М. . (2021). NEUROPROTECTIVE PROPERTIES OF α-LIPOIC ACID IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES. Problems of Endocrine Pathology, 78(4), 146-158. https://doi.org/10.21856/j-PEP.2021.4.19

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TO PRACTICING ENDOCRINOLOGISTS

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