A MORPHOLOGICAL APPROACH TO THE DIAGNOSIS OF EFFECTS OF BACTERIAL MATERNAL-FETAL INFECTION ON THE THYROID GLAND OF OFFSPRING

Authors

  • Talapova P. S. Kharkiv National Medical University, Kharkiv, Ukraine

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21856/j-PEP.2021.2.13

Keywords:

bacterial infection, thyroid gland, offspring.

Abstract

Aim: to develop a method for morphological diagnosis of the effect of maternal-fetal infectious pathology on the thyroid gland (TG) of offspring in an experiment, in order to increase knowledge about the morphological substrate of maternal-fetal infection in the offspring’s organism as well as to define associated risks during early human ontogenesis.

Materials and methods: a controlled experimental study with block randomization was carried out on female Wistar Albino Glaxo rats (n = 85) with subsequent pathomorphological study of 71 TG obtained from their offspring (37 fetuses and 34 newborn rats). Morphometry of the thyroid histostructures and analysis of immunofluorescence study were performed using the ImageJ software. Statistical data processing was performed in the environment for statistical computing R with the installation of the packages «ggplot2», «dplyr», «pastecs», and «graphics» in order to identify measures of the central tendency and variability of the dataset, perform the Shapiro-Wilk test for normality, check equality of variances across multiple samples using Bartlett's test, normalizing data using the Box-Cox method, performing one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to compare mean values of quantitative variables, post hoc test using Bonferroni's method, and Tukey’s test to control the familywise error. The null hypothesis was rejected if p < 0.001.

The results of the study indicate that bacterial maternal-fetal infection is a damaging factor for the morphological and functional state of the thyroid gland of the offspring.

 Conclusions.  Based on this study, the author proposes the morphological approach for the diagnosis of the effect of bacterial maternal-fetal infectious pathology on the offspring’s thyroid gland. It includes an immunofluorescence study of markers of the thyroid functional state such as T4, collagen types I and III, TNF, and IL-6 in the form of calculation of the optical density of their fluorescence, as well as thyroid morphometry in the ImageJ program with determining the area and diameter of the follicle, the area, and height of the thyrocyte, area of its nucleus and cytoplasm, and subsequent calculation of the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio. Using the proposed method, it is possible to determine the morphofunctional state of the thyroid gland of both animals and humans with high accuracy. Comprehensively, the obtained results are evidence of functional overload of the thyroid gland due to maternal-fetal infection that can lead to depletion of the adaptive-compensatory reserve of the organ in the future. This testifies the need to increase diagnostic vigilance among endocrinologists and gynecologists against infections caused by the microbiota among pregnant women.

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Published

2021-06-10

How to Cite

Талапова, П. С. (2021). A MORPHOLOGICAL APPROACH TO THE DIAGNOSIS OF EFFECTS OF BACTERIAL MATERNAL-FETAL INFECTION ON THE THYROID GLAND OF OFFSPRING. Problems of Endocrine Pathology, 76(2), 93-101. https://doi.org/10.21856/j-PEP.2021.2.13